Ok, you started in 1983 so I did the math starting in 1983. In 1983 there were 4 teams in the playoffs, in 1994 there were 0, in 1995 that ballooned to 8, and it went to 10 in 2012. Since 1983, therefore, there have been 250 playoff spots available.
I totaled up the number of teams that played in each season - counting the 2 expansions to figure out, on average, how many years would each franchise go between a playoff appearance if everything was random.
On average, right now there are 10 spots and 30 teams, so if everything was random right now each team would make the playoffs 1x every 3 years. Pushing that back in time, I find that over the time period starting in 1983, average performance overall would be just under 1 in 4.
The average franchise playing over that full time period would have 8.789 playoff appearances in the stretch from 1983 to 2018.
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So an average team would have Nine playoff appearances in the last 35 seasons. The White Sox have 9 playoff appearances.......IN THE HISTORY OF THE FRANCHISE.
They have the worst playoff appearance percentage in baseball since the beginning of baseball. This is why attendance is low. This is why there is no national recognition of this franchise. This is why it is the second baseball team in Chicago and likely now the least relevant professional franchise in town.
This franchise was failure before Reinsdorf et. al. purchased it and it hasn't changed much since he did.