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July 5,2011
VIA ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION
The Honorable Eric H. Holder, Jr.
Attorney General
u.s. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20530
Dear Attorney General Holder:
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Yesterday, Acting ATF Director Kenneth Melson participated in a transcribed
interview regarding Operation Fast and Furious and related matters with both
Republican and Democratic staff. He appeared with his personal counsel, Richard
Cullen of McGuire
Woods LLP. His interview had originally been scheduled through the
Justice Department to occur on July 13 in the presence of DOJ and ATF counsel. As you
know, however, under our agreement Department witnesses who choose to attend a
voluntary interview with their own lawyer are free to exercise that right rather than
participate with counsel representing the Department's interests.
After being made aware of that provision of our agreement, Acting Director
Melson chose to exercise that right and appeared with his own lawyer. We are
disappointed that no one had previously informed him of that provision of the
agreement. Instead, Justice Department officials sought to limit and control his
communications with Congress. This is yet another example of why direct
communications with Congress are so important and are protected by law.1
1 Specifically, no officer or employee may attempt to prohibit or prevent "any other officer or employee of
the Federal Government from having direct oral or written communication or contact with any Member,
committee, or subcommittee of the Congress" about a matter related to his employment or the agency "in
any way, irrespective of whether such communication or contact is at the initiative" of the employee or
Congress (emphasis added). Moreover, the prohibition also applies to any officer or employee who
"removes, suspends from duty without pay ... any other officer or employee of the Federal Government ...
by reason of any communication or contact of such other officer or employee with any Member,
committee, or subcommittee of the Congress." Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2010, P.L.111-117, 123
Stat. 3034, § 714 (2010), as continued by §1104 ofP.L. 112-10- which extends the funding levels, as well as
"the authority and conditions provided in such Acts," through September 30, 2011. See generally,
Attorney General Eric Holder
July 5,2011
Page 2 of5
Acting Director Melson's cooperation was extremely helpful to our investigation.
He was candid in admitting mistakes that his agency made and described various ways
he says that he tried to remedy the problems. According to Mr. Melson, it was not until
after the public controversy that he personally reviewed hundreds of documents relating
to the case, including wiretap applications and Reports of Investigation (ROIs). By his
account, he was sick to his stomach when he obtained those documents and learned the
full story. Mr. Melson said that he told the Office of the Deputy Attorney General
(ODAG) at the end of March that the Department needed to reexamine how it was
responding to the requests for information from Congress.
According to Mr. Melson, he and ATF's senior leadership team moved to reassign
every manager involved in Fast and Furious, from the Deputy Assistant Director for
Field Operations down to the Group Supervisor, after learning the facts in those
documents. Mr. Melson also said he was not allowed to communicate to Congress the
reasons for the reassignments. He claimed that ATF's senior leadership would have
preferred to be more cooperative with our inquiry much earlier in the process.
However, he said that Justice Department officials directed them not to respond and
took full control of replying to briefing and document requests from Congress. The
result is that Congress only got the parts of the story that the Department wanted us to
hear. If his account is accurate, then ATF leadership appears to have been effectively
muzzled while the DOJ sent over false denials and buried its head in the sand. That
approach distorted the truth and obstructed our investigation. The Department's
inability or unwillingness to be more forthcoming served to conceal critical information
that we are now learning about the involvement of other agencies, including the DEA
and the FBI.
The Role of DEA, FBI, and Other Agencies
When confronted with information about serious issues involving lack of
information sharing by other agencies, which Committee staff had originally learned
from other witnesses, Mr. Melson's responses tended to corroborate what others had
said. Specifically, we have very real indications from several sources that some of the
gun trafficking "higher-ups" that the ATF sought to identify were already known to
other agencies and may even have been paid as informants. The Acting Director said
that ATF was kept in the dark about certain activities of other agencies, including DEA
and FBI. Mr. Melson said that he learned from ATF agents in the field that information
obtained by these agencies could have had a material impact on the Fast and Furious
Government Accountability Office, "Department of Health and Human Services-Chief Actuary's
Communications with Congress," B-302911 (Sep. 7, 2004) (discussing the history and background in
support ofthe government-wide prohibition on attempts to prevent direct communications with
Congress). As you know, obstructing or impeding a Congressional inquiry is also a criminal violation
under 18 U.S.C. § 1505.
Attorney General Eric Holder
July S, 2011
Page 3 ofS
investigation as far back as late 2009 or early 2010. After learning about the possible
role of DEA and FBI, he testified that he reported this information in April 2011 to the
Acting Inspector General and directly to then-Acting Deputy Attorney General James
Cole on June 16, 2011.
The evidence we have gathered raises the disturbing possibility that the Justice
Department not only allowed criminals to smuggle weapons but that taxpayer dollars
from other agencies may have financed those engaging in such activities. While this is
preliminary information, we must find out if there is any truth to it. According to
Acting Director Melson, he became aware of this startling possibility only after the
murder of Border Patrol Agent Brian Terry and the indictments of the straw purchasers,
which we now know were substantially delayed by the u.s. Attorney's Office and Main
Justice. Mr. Melson provided documents months ago supporting his concerns to the
official in the ODAG responsible for document production to the Committees, but those
documents have not been provided to us.
It is one thing to argue that the ends justify the means in an attempt to defend a
policy that puts building a big case ahead of stopping known criminals from getting
guns. Yet it is a much more serious matter to conceal from Congress the possible
involvement of other agencies in identifying and maybe even working with the same
criminals that Operation Fast and Furious was trying to identify. If this information is
accurate, then the whole misguided operation might have been cut short if not for
catastrophic failures to share key information. If agencies within the same Department,
co-located at the same facilities, had simply communicated with one another, then ATF
might have known that gun trafficking "higher-ups" had been already identified. This
raises new and serious questions about the role of DEA, FBI, the United States
Attorney's Office in Arizona, and Main Justice in coordinating this effort. Nearly a
decade after the September 11th attacks, the stovepipes of information within our
government may still be causing tragic mistakes long after they should have been broken
down.
Efforts to Oust Melson
In the last few weeks, unnamed administration officials have indicated to the
press that Acting Director Melson would be forced to resign. According to Mr. Melson,
those initial reports were untrue. Regardless of what we might have thought before
about how he should handle a request to resign, we now know he has not been asked to
resign. We also now have the benefit of hearing his side of the story and will have a
chance to examine what he said and compare it to the other evidence we are gathering.
However, that will take some time.
Attorney General Eric Holder
July 5,2011
Page 4 ofS
Mr. Melson served as the First Assistant to the U.S. Attorney in the Eastern
District of Virginia for 21 years, from 1986 to 2007. That is a career position. After the
controversy over the firing of the U.S. Attorneys, he took over the Executive Office for
U.S. Attorneys (EOUSA). He indicated that he was asked to convert to a non-career
Senior Executive Service (SES), a politically appointed position, in order to speed the
hiring process, and he agreed. However, his former position at EOUSA is currently
filled by a career SES employee, Marshall Jarrett. As you know, for civil servants, the
distinction between career and non-career status is significant.
In 2009, he said he was asked to take over as Acting Director of the ATF. Acting
Director of the ATF is by its nature a temporary job. According to Mr. Melson, he was
willing to serve the Department with the understanding that after a short tenure as
Acting Director, he would return to a position as a career senior executive elsewhere
within the Department.
However, two days after he told Acting Deputy Attorney General Cole about
serious issues involving lack of information sharing, the Wall Street Journal reported
that unnamed sources said that Melson was about to be ousted.
The revelations about Operation Fast and Furious have focused intense scrutiny
on the ATF. It has no doubt taken a toll on the agency and the good people who work
there. Much of that damage has occurred because the Department prevented ATF from
being more forthcoming and responsive to questions from Congress. This is the context
in which Mr. Melson decided to submit to an on-the-record interview with private
counsel, pursuant to our agreement with the Department.
Technically, Mr. Melson no longer enjoys the due process protections afforded to
career officials. Given his testimony, unless a permanent director is confirmed, it would
be inappropriate for the Justice Department to take action against him that could have
the effect of intimidating others who might want to provide additional information to
the Committees.
We hope that the Department will take a much more candid and forthcoming
approach in addressing these very serious matters with the Committees. If other
important fact witnesses like Mr. Melson have a desire to communicate directly with the
Committees they should be informed that they are free to do so. They should also be
notified that if they are represented by personal counsel, they may appear with personal
counsel rather than with Department lawyers.
Any decision about Mr. Melson's future with the Department would need to be
justified solely on the basis of the facts and the needs of the agency, rather than on his
decision to speak to us. We encourage you to communicate to us any additional
significant information about any such decision so that we can work together to ensure
Attorney General Eric Holder
July 5,2011
Page 5 of5
that it would not impede our investigation. For now, the Office of Inspector General is
still conducting its review, and we are still conducting ours. Knowing what we know so
far, we believe it would be inappropriate to make Mr. Melson the fall guy in an attempt
to prevent further congressional oversight.
Darrell Issa, Chair an
Committee on Oversight &
Government Reform
U.S. House of Representatives
cc:
Sincerely,
Charles E. Grassley, Ranking M
Committee on the Judiciary
United States Senate
The Honorable Elijah E. Cummings, Ranking Member
U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on Oversight & Government Reform
The Honorable Patrick Leahy, Chairman
U.S. Senate, Committee on the Judiciary
SHHH. Nothing to see here move along. Nothing political at all in this Dept. of Justice. These guys make the Bushies look like angels.